Wheatherproof covering.



P. C. OVERBURY.

WEATHERPROOF GOVERING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.1e.1913.

Patented July 28, 1914 Zn/venan r. EJ

- tion ofthe shingle into the foundation, the

UMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

FREDERICK C.' OVERBURY, 0F NEW YORK, N. ASSIZGNOR TO FLINTKOTE.

MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 0F. RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, 'A GOBPOBA- TION 0F NEW JERSEY.

and sides -ofbuildings which ,are exposedl to the weathersv It has vbeen heretofore-proposedv to use, as aucovering, shingles made of fabrics or other suitable 4material treated with a water-proofing substance. Where sl/r shingles are` made of such material as a woven -fabric or felt, treated with a-'waterd proofing substance, they are more or less .liexible and lack the stiifness and rigidit'y of woo'den shingles, so thatthey'arein danger of being blown from the roof or sides of the house or of working loose from the fasten` Y ings, due to the continual movementvand `contraction and expansion of the exposed portions of the shingles. .Where such yshingle's are secured Vinplace by nails or' other astenings passed 'through the exposed por-- contraction and expansion of the shingle enfl larges theJ nail holes so that each hole permits the rain to leak through. Roofing shingles made of felt or fabric and treated with water-proofing substances, such as Aasl phaltum, pitch and the like, so as tobe properly water vand weather proof, are brittle in cold weather, so' that when they are bent they' are apt to` break or crack along the line of bend so as to expose 'the -fabric to the elements,'in consequence ofwhich they soon become valueless or are unfit' to be used. 1

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a shingle, which may be used as la substitute for Wooden shingles (which are becoming scarcer every year), which will producethe same efect in appearance as' Wooden shin les, and which when secured in place ren er'leaks practically impossible... Itco sists of va Hexible weather and.water-proo flexible shingle or other covering having doubled-back portion connected by a hinge portion with the main body portion, the coating being stretched at the hinge, so that, when the t steciacatiqn of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 18, 1913. vSerial No. 755,133.

WEATHERPROOF COVERI-NG. t

Patented July es, A1914.

The faces of the sheet are coated with layers o f asphaltum, pitch or other.waterproof and`weather-proof material which have a relatively `higher meltin point and which are capableof withstanding the heat of the sun and the elements. This 'sheet may be 'out into blanks ofthe desired width and mate shingle to be produced. The blank is then heated so that it is capable of bending easily-and one end of 'the blank isfolded back upon the. tbl-ank on atransverse line, the length of the folded portion being pref` somewhat longer than the length of the ulti.

donnedback port-ion is' nanipulad, the

whichvhave a relatively low melting point;

erably substantially equal to or a little greater than that portion of the Ashingle which will be exposed when itis laid. Assuming that each shingle will have six inches of its length exposed, the folded end will be approximately six, or six and onethfat portion. .of t e shingle which is to be exposed. While'the blank is still in'a warm and pliable state, the doubled-under portion may be bent back and forth across the line of th'e fold 'and `is then folded back permanently. By this method, the felt is stretched `more or less'near the outer exposed portion of the fold, and thencoating is' also stretched while it isl warm and pliable, so

craoks,the bend forming as it were a hinge.

On the accompanying drawings,v-Fi'gure 1 represents in longitudinal section a blank which 'is to bemade into a shingle. Fig. l represents a simil'ar'section and illustrates vlarged section, showing pictorially as well as may be a shinglegblank with the folded end turned 'back so as to lie inthe same plane as the remainder of the shingle. Fig. 4 is a similar section illustrating the bend. Fig. 5 illustrates the method of layingthe Lshingle. Fig. 6 y represents a longitudinal 4section of a roof showing the shingles laid.

that when the bend is completed there are nov the completed shingle. Fig. l3 is an en half inches' in len h, so tha-tit- Will underlie Fig. 7 represents in plan view a'portion of a"roof with the shingles thereon. Fig. 8 shows the invention embodied in sheet roofing having rectangular tabs or projections which resemble shingles.

a indicates the base of the roofing shingle which, as said, is preferably made of felt and which is saturated or impregnated with any Vof the Water-proofing compounds now commonly in use by roofing'manufacturers.' Both faces of the shingle are' covered with coatings Z2 formed of any suitable pitch-like .weather-proof and Water-proof material .which will not melt when exposed to the lieat of the sun and Which Will withstandthe action of the elements.

This material may comprise any suitable pitch or bitumen form a bend or hinge 12.

or asphaltum which is-now employed by roofing manufacturers in the manufacture of prepared rooings. If desired, the facing material may be colored by the addition of a suitable pigment. The shingle blanks, having approximately the relative dimenv sions as shown in Fig. 5, are out from the sheet. The main body of the shingle is indicated at 10. The blank is somewhat longer, as previously stated, than the ultimate shingle to be produced, the excess length being indicated at 11. The blank is then heated at or near the portion thereof indicatedv by the dotted line in Fig. 1, and

the portion 11 is folded back on the under- 1n Fig. 3, it will be seen' that the felt is more or less stretched and somewhat thickened as shown at 13, the outer facing or coating is elongated as indicated at 14 `(and in some A'cases it may be separate from the felt), and the inner facing or coating is more Aor less corrugated as indicated at 15 without the presen of cracks 'or breaks in the outer facing. When the shingle is cold and even when the atmospheric temperature is relatively low, the doubled-under en d maybe moved back and forth Without cracking the outer facing. Consequently the shingles may be laid as shown in Fig. 5; that is to say, the doubled-under portion may be f straightened out so as to be attached to a foundation 20 by nails or othenfastenings 21 passed through the doubled-under por-l tion 11 of the shingle. Thereafter the main body-of the shingle may be swung u Wardlyf and its upper edge secured in place y nails or fastenlngs 22, all as shown 1n Figs. 5 and hinge, as it were, with the main body of the shingle, so that, in low temperature conditions, the doubled-under portion of the shingle may be swung about the lineof the bend Without breaking or cracking.

lVhile I have described the invention as being particularly' embodied in 'a shingle and have described the method of 'making "shingles, it will be understood that siding boards or clapboards may be made by the same method, and that also roofing strips (either plain or serrated) `may be provided with a hinge formed' as berg/iin described. In Fig. 8 I have shown sti'rjip or sheet roofing, provided with tabs/ projections v22. These tabs or projectittiagiave doubled-under ends connected ritiri 1e bodies thereof by bends, joints or hinges made as herein described, so that the outenlayer at the bend is elongated or stretched and permitted to set, in elongated or stretched condition.

If desired, the facing or coating on the inner face of the blank may be scraped ofi' along.V the line on which the doubled-under portion of the shingleis to be bent. Instead, of treating each shingle blank separately, it is evident that the sheet of felt, after being saturated and thencoated by the usual instrumentalities, may be drawn through a folding appliance so as to double Lack an edge portion of the sheet, lafter which the shingles may be cut from the sheet by a suitable cutter. The bending may be accomplished While the coating is still soft and pliable'. If it is too cold, I pass the sheet through or in proximity to a heating medium. For instance, the sheet may be drawn through a bath of hot Water, or else the sheet, along the .line of the subse- .quent bend, may be heated by `gas jets or by any other suitable means. If desired, the sheet could be of'double Width, both side edges doubled under, the sheet slit longitudinally through the middle and the shingles separately cut or severed from'the two strips thus formed. Where shingles are/made as herein described with the hinge and the eloubledfback portion', they are packaged and shipped in that condition to the customer.

It has been observed that the adhesion of throughout the surface of the fabric or felt that'thene is no perceptible slipping of said layers, there being merely an elongation or stretching of the outer layer at the joint or bend. As a. result, when the plastic layers set, there is a permanent elongationl of the coating on one side of the joint and a permanent compression or eorrugation on' and coatings of water-proof weather-proof material, and comprising a body portion and a doubled-back portion, said portions being connected by a hinge formed of the covering itself', and the exposed coating of the hinge set in a stretched and elongated condition, and the under or back coating in a compressed condition, so that the doubled-back portion may be bent back and forth without breaking the coating at the hinge.

l condition.

exposed coating of said hinge being set in. a stretched and elongated condition, and the interior coating being set in a compressed or corrugated condition.

'L A water-proof weatherroof exible covering formed of .a base ofpfelt'impregnated with water-proof material and having a coating or facing of a pitch-like weather-proof substance, and comprising a body portion, a doubled-back portion, and a connecting hinge portion, e .or facing of the binge portion ing set m a stretched and-elongated condition so that the doubled-back portion may be manipulated without cracking said stretched or elongated coating or facing of the hinge.

5. The herein described method of making thickened weather-proof and waterproof coverings, which consists in heating the covering to render the water-proof and weather-proof facing thereofy relatively soft and pliable, then bending the covering back on itself to form a thickenededge portion, thereby elongating the exposed plastic coating at the bend and permitting the coating to set in an elongated condition.

6. The herein-'described method of making thickened weather-proof and waterproof shingles having a pitch-like weather-75 proof facing or coating, which consists in softening the coating to make it pliable, bending back the nd of the shingle andstretching and elongating the softened coating to form a hinge, and then permitting the coating to setin an elongated or stretched condition, so that the doubledback portion may subsequently be manipulated without crackingl or breaking the hinge.

In testimony whereof I have aiixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

. FREDERICK C. OVERBURY.

Witnesses:

MARCUS B. MAY, P. W. PEZZETTI. 

